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Family Law Rules: Rule 22- Admission of facts

Published: December 9, 2010

Last Updated: September 8, 2025

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Family Law Rules: Rule 22- Admission of facts

MEANING OF ADMISSION THAT DOCUMENT GENUINE

22. (1) An admission that a document is genuine is an admission,

(a) if the document is said to be an original, that it was written, signed or sealed as it appears to have been;

(b) if it is said to be a copy, that it is a complete and accurate copy; and

(c) if it is said to be a copy of a document that is ordinarily sent from one person to another (for example, a letter, fax or electronic message), that it was sent as it appears to have been sent and was received by the person to whom it is addressed. O. Reg. 114/99, r. 22 (1).

REQUEST TO ADMIT

(2) At any time, by serving a request to admit (Form 22) on another party, a party may ask the other party to admit, for purposes of the case only, that a fact is true or that a document is genuine. O. Reg. 114/99, r. 22 (2).

COPY OF DOCUMENT TO BE ATTACHED

(3) A copy of any document mentioned in the request to admit shall be attached to it, unless the other party already has a copy or it is impractical to attach a copy. O. Reg. 114/99, r. 22 (3).

RESPONSE REQUIRED WITHIN 20 DAYS

(4) The party on whom the request to admit is served is considered to have admitted, for purposes of the case only, that the fact is true or that the document is genuine, unless the party serves a response (Form 22A) within 20 days,

(a) denying that a particular fact mentioned in the request is true or that a particular document mentioned in the request is genuine; or

(b) refusing to admit that a particular fact mentioned in the request is true or that a particular document mentioned in the request is genuine, and giving the reasons for each refusal. O. Reg. 114/99, r. 22 (4).

WITHDRAWING ADMISSION

(5) An admission that a fact is true or that a document is genuine (whether contained in a document served in the case or resulting from subrule (4)), may be withdrawn only with the other party’s consent or with the court’s permission. O. Reg. 114/99, r. 22 (5).

Written by Lisa Gelman

Senior Lawyer

Senior Lawyer Lisa Gelman has over 25 years of family law experience and founded Gelman & Associates to provide strategic legal counsel in family law matters concerning divorce, parenting, separation, and more.

Frequently Asked Questions - enforcement & modification orders

Each province and territory in Canada has a maintenance enforcement program for family orders and agreements. Additionally, the federal government may refuse to issue a Canadian passport if the applicant is delinquent in child support payments. They also have the authority to garnish wages for the back payments owed. In the USA, the Office of Child Support Enforcement, which is part of the Administration for Children and Families in the Department of Health and Human Services, is now in charge of the federal child support enforcement program.

Yes. In Ontario, existing family law orders (for decision-making responsibility, child support, spousal support, and more) can be changed if there has been a material change in circumstances since the order was made.

To modify an order, you can negotiate an amendment with your former partner, participate in mediation, or bring a motion to change in court. Your family lawyer will help you determine whether you qualify for a motion to change and represent you throughout the variation process.

If you deny court-approved parenting time, it could be a possibility. The court may find you in contempt. You may also have to compensate the other person for any lost parenting time or legal fees they had to pay to enforce the parenting arrangement.

Ex parte motions provide an exemption to the principles of due process in emergencies by allowing you to petition the court without having to give notice or serve the other parties in your case. If the judge issues the ex parte order, it’s only for a limited time.

If you get an order and want to change it, you first need to assess your relationship with the opposing party.

If you both agree, you can apply for a consent order and need not go to court. If you do not, you may seek help from mediators or counsellors who can help you talk things out. If you still do not agree after mediation, you will need to apply to the court to change the order.

You can use this motion if you need to change your order. By filing this motion, you’re asking the court to change something in your final order. It would help if you showed that there has been a substantial change in circumstances since the last court order. You can’t file this motion just because you disagree with the order. You shouldn’t also file this motion too soon after the court releases the final order. If things have changed in your children’s lives, you can ask to modify the order based on those changes. Other samples you can change may include but not be limited to:

  • Spousal support
  • Decision-making issues for the children
  • Issues related to parenting time
  • Child support

Temporary orders may be changed through agreement with your former spouse or through a court order. If you and your spouse are not in agreement about a change you wish to seek, you can make a motion to the court for a modification.

Yes, it is possible to change the initial terms of a separation agreement if you and your spouse agree to the changes and sign a written agreement to change the terms. If your spouse does not agree to change the terms, you can make a court application to change the separation agreement.

No matter what the circumstances surrounding your separation agreement are, our Toronto separation lawyers can help you make changes when you need to.

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